Accounting Module

The Accounting module provides comprehensive financial management capabilities for your business. Built on double-entry bookkeeping principles, it ensures accurate financial records and regulatory compliance.

Features Overview

📊 Core Accounting

• Chart of Accounts: Flexible account structure with categories and subcategories
• Double-Entry Bookkeeping: Automatic debit/credit balancing
• Multi-Currency Support: Handle transactions in multiple currencies
• Fiscal Year Management: Configure custom fiscal periods

💰 Transaction Management

• Journal Entries: Manual and automated journal entry creation
• Transaction Tracking: Complete audit trail for all financial activities
• Batch Processing: Handle multiple transactions efficiently
• Recurring Entries: Automate repetitive transactions

📈 Financial Reporting

• Balance Sheet: Real-time financial position statements
• Income Statement: Profit and loss reporting
• Cash Flow Statement: Track cash movements
• Trial Balance: Verify account balances
• Custom Reports: Build tailored financial reports

🔧 Integration Features

• ERP Integration: Seamlessly connects with Sales, Purchasing, and Inventory
• API Access: Programmatic access to accounting data
• Export/Import: Data exchange with external accounting systems
• Audit Trail: Complete transaction history and modifications

Installation

Add the accounting module to your Obelaw ERP:

composer require obelaw/erp-accounting
php artisan twist:migrate

Quick Setup

1. Configure Chart of Accounts

use Obelaw\ERP\Addons\Accounting\Models\Account;

// Create account categories
Account::create([
    'code' => '1000',
    'name' => 'Assets',
    'type' => 'asset',
    'parent_id' => null,
]);

Account::create([
    'code' => '1100',
    'name' => 'Current Assets',
    'type' => 'asset',
    'parent_id' => 1, // Assets account ID
]);

2. Create Journal Entries

use Obelaw\ERP\Addons\Accounting\Models\JournalEntry;
use Obelaw\ERP\Addons\Accounting\Models\JournalLine;

// Create a sales transaction
$entry = JournalEntry::create([
    'reference' => 'SALE-001',
    'description' => 'Product sale to customer',
    'date' => now(),
    'total_debit' => 1000.00,
    'total_credit' => 1000.00,
]);

// Add journal lines
JournalLine::create([
    'journal_entry_id' => $entry->id,
    'account_id' => $cashAccount->id,
    'debit' => 1000.00,
    'credit' => 0,
]);

JournalLine::create([
    'journal_entry_id' => $entry->id,
    'account_id' => $salesAccount->id,
    'debit' => 0,
    'credit' => 1000.00,
]);

Integration with Other Modules

Sales Integration

Automatically create accounting entries from sales transactions:

// In your sales order
use Obelaw\ERP\Addons\Accounting\Services\AccountingService;

class SalesOrder extends Model
{
    public function postToAccounting()
    {
        AccountingService::createSalesEntry([
            'amount' => $this->total,
            'customer_id' => $this->customer_id,
            'reference' => $this->number,
            'date' => $this->date,
        ]);
    }
}

Purchasing Integration

Handle vendor transactions automatically:

// Purchase order accounting
AccountingService::createPurchaseEntry([
    'amount' => $this->total,
    'vendor_id' => $this->vendor_id,
    'reference' => $this->number,
    'date' => $this->date,
]);

Admin Interface

The accounting module integrates seamlessly with Filament Admin:

use Obelaw\ERP\Addons\Accounting\Filament\Clusters\AccountingCluster;

// Add to your admin panel
class CustomAccountingResource extends Resource
{
    protected static ?string $cluster = AccountingCluster::class;
    
    // Your resource configuration
}

Available Resources

• Accounts Management: Create and organize your chart of accounts
• Journal Entries: Record and view all financial transactions
• Reports Dashboard: Access built-in financial reports
• Settings: Configure accounting preferences and defaults

Reports and Analytics

Financial Statements

Generate comprehensive financial reports:

use Obelaw\ERP\Addons\Accounting\Services\ReportService;

// Balance Sheet
$balanceSheet = ReportService::balanceSheet([
    'date' => '2024-12-31',
    'format' => 'detailed'
]);

// Income Statement
$incomeStatement = ReportService::incomeStatement([
    'start_date' => '2024-01-01',
    'end_date' => '2024-12-31',
    'comparison' => 'previous_year'
]);

// Cash Flow
$cashFlow = ReportService::cashFlow([
    'period' => 'monthly',
    'year' => 2024
]);

Custom Analytics

Build custom financial analytics:

// Account balances over time
$accountBalances = Account::withBalances()
    ->whereBetween('date', [$startDate, $endDate])
    ->get();

// Revenue trends
$revenueTrends = JournalLine::whereHas('account', function($q) {
        $q->where('type', 'revenue');
    })
    ->selectRaw('MONTH(created_at) as month, SUM(credit) as revenue')
    ->groupBy('month')
    ->get();

Configuration

Account Types

Configure supported account types:

// config/accounting.php
return [
    'account_types' => [
        'asset' => 'Assets',
        'liability' => 'Liabilities', 
        'equity' => 'Equity',
        'revenue' => 'Revenue',
        'expense' => 'Expenses',
    ],
    
    'currencies' => [
        'default' => 'USD',
        'supported' => ['USD', 'EUR', 'GBP'],
    ],
    
    'fiscal_year' => [
        'start_month' => 1, // January
    ],
];

Best Practices

1. Account Structure

• Use a logical numbering system (e.g., 1000s for assets, 2000s for liabilities)
• Create parent accounts for better organization
• Keep account names descriptive but concise

2. Transaction Recording

• Always include meaningful descriptions
• Use consistent reference numbering
• Verify debits equal credits before posting
• Maintain proper supporting documentation

3. Reporting

• Run trial balance regularly to verify account integrity
• Generate financial statements monthly
• Review and reconcile accounts periodically
• Backup accounting data frequently

Next Steps

• Sales Module Integration - Connect sales to accounting
• Purchasing Module - Manage vendor transactions
• Reporting Dashboard - View financial analytics